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ZoP Nanotechnology applications for removal of disinfection by-products from water

autorzy: Dr. Mohammad Reza Mohammad Shafiee, Arshia Eilbeigi- Dr. Mohammadshafiee’s Educational and Research Institute

The purpose of water disinfection is mainly to remove microorganisms responsible for the water-associated diseases and it has been in practice, since a long time. Disinfection is the process of killing or inactivating harmful bacteria, cysts, and pathogenic microorganisms by 99.9% via various chemical and physical methods. Generally, all chemical disinfectants give rise to disinfectant by-products (DBPs). Those DBPs may be volatile, non-volatile, hydrophobic, or hydrophilic in nature. DBPs exert potential toxicities to the living causing cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity DBPs can enter the living via various pathways including oral, dermal, and inhalation. Considering the carcinogenic effects, DBPs are known to be associated with a number of cancers including bladder and colon cancers. Numerous DBP precursor elimination methods have been reported including active carbon adsorption, membrane filtration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, and magnetic ion exchange. Various membrane techniques associated with filtration (nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultrafiltration) have been far better solutions in terms of removal of DBPs and their precursors from water