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A Prediction Algorithm for Determining the Optimized Cost-Effectiveness of Advanced Tumors Treatment

autorzy: Shekoufeh Nikfar Marzieh Nosrati Mohammadhossein Sharifnia

Maximum upgrading of the health level of every society is among the fundamental elements and prospects of the government structure. Thus, policymakers and decision-makers engaged in this area are obligated to offer novel techniques and patterns based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), resulting in the maximization of this issue and subsequently managing the limited budget under their control in the sphere of medical care and treatment optimally. Hence, making decisions in connection with the resource allocation for intervention has an opportunity cost. This means forgone health, which could have taken place following the allocation of the same resource to another intervention. One of the newfound and innovative interventions in the health field is the precision medicine approach, sometimes known as "personalized medicine". The application of this approach in the domain of pharmacotherapy means utilizing clinical information and genetic algorithms of patients for the choice of the right medicine with the appropriate treatment dose, which causes an improvement in outcomes and a decline in the side effects of treatment. However, the high price of drugs with a precision medicine approach has decreased access to treatment. Taking into account the peculiar features of the personalized medicine approach, carrying out various clinical evaluation studies and the challenges ahead in economic evaluation studies have prompted experts in the field of health economics and outcome research to look for generating proper methods and models to model the economic consequences and costs of the precision medicine strategy. Because of the high price of these drugs, using conventional economic evaluation models leads to incremental costs beyond the threshold of payment approved by a lot of countries, particularly developing countries. Concerning the special characteristics of the precision medicine approach, which focuses on the existence of a specific gene map rather than a mere examination of a disease' clinical presentations and causes a change in the type of clinical studies of these drugs as well, performing economic evaluation studies with the classical approach is questioned. In this respect, the claimed invention investigated the methods and algorithms based on cost-effectiveness parameters using precision medicine reference models for optimizing the cost and subsequently, achieving the highest level of effectiveness in patients with cancers, especially patients involved with a more advanced type of cancer characterized by mismatch repair deficiency.