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Sustainable of Particleboard from Agro-Waste and Natural Oil Based Polyurethane Adhesive for Eco Furniture Consumer Products

autorzy: Ts Dr. Mohd Nazif bin Mohd Baharuddin

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION. Particleboard has been sought as a replacement material in furniture making industries. This project focuses on developing particleboard from Acacia trees, which have been widely grown in Malaysia for decades yet the use of it has been insignificant. the materials from the trees are compressed using a specific mold following needed requirements from Japanese Industry Standard (JIS). Moisture contents in wood changes in response to seasonal changes and it increases drastically during rainy season. Particleboard made from Acacia tress brings improvement to this problem. Improved features of this particleboard include water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture. Since only the wastes of Acacia trees are used, deforestations can be reduced, thus, also reduce climate change, desertification, soil erosion, fewer crops, flooding, increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and a host of problems for indigenous people. OBJECTIVE To design the optimization formula, it was based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS A 5908), Malaysian Standard (MS 1787: Part 10) from SIRIM and Brazilian Standard (NBR) 148103: 2006. The area of experiment will be focusing on WA, TS, WC and MOE. The focus is to produce the eco-friendly material in producing the furniture for consumer with low cost production of furniture but good in quality NOVELTY OF THE IDEA PROJECT The innovation of this product began in July 2017. The idea was derived from the Bah Kuning Tragedy in 2013 and the yearly flood in Peninsular Malaysia. These calamities cost millions ringgit to repair the damages. At the same time, there have been no existing research on Acacia tree wastes (fruit and branches) that focuses on fabricating resin and filler from PU and PW respectively. The combination of these formulae has never been tested by other researchers APPLICATION This particleboard could possibly be the best raw material to exist for furniture industries. Since the process only uses wastes from Acacia tree, saving forests is finally possible with less deforestation activities. Other than that, the furniture can be preserved better even after flood because of its special characteristics in WA, TS, MOR, and MOE. MARKET POTENTIAL This product with its special features is suitable for any climate change. Compared to solid wood, it is way cheaper yet its durability is maintained. Particleboard are very light in weight making it relatively easy to move and transport. Its marketability increases as it requires minimal maintenance and easy to clean. Most importantly, it achieved the standards by trustable international bodies including JIS, NBR and MS as well as local body, SIRIM. NOVELTIES OF PRODUCT 1. New optimization formulation for particleboard (Robust) 2. Natural based material from waste (Fruit and Branches) of Acacia Tree Mangium Species 3. Formulation based on natural adhesive from Palm Oil (Polyol + Isocyanate + PW) MAIN MATERIAL waste of abandon tree in Malaysia (Acacia Mangium Species). The current main material was come from the forest resources. RESIN Natural based Polyurethane (PU) adhesives are used from Palm Oil products compared to currents that use Petroleum based adhesives (UF). SAVING COST Cheaper than the existing product. (refer to the slide) SAFETY Not produce any hazards gasses (refer to the slide) ENVIRONMENT EFFECT MATERIAL The selection of waste materials (flowers and branches) from Acacia Mangium trees will be reduced depending on forest resource materials through deforestation activities. It will prevent our forests and save flora and fauna habitats. It can also control the global temperature of the world and reduce the greenhouse issue. FRUIT AND BRANCHES Acacia fruit will increase the acid level in the soil when it falls to the ground. It will inhibit growth and can kill other tree species. By using this fruit as the main ingredient to make particle board, it has solved the issue of acid content in the soil. HAZE/AIR POLLUTION By burning the waste of acacia trees such as the traditional practice will contribute to increasing the issue of haze/air pollution. It will also threaten the honey bee industry because of the smoke itself. Because of that, converting waste materials into main materials in the making of particleboard, it can solve the haze/air pollution problem. HEALTHY EFFECT RESIN The use of Natural Polyurethane Adhesives (PU) as opposed to Petroleum based adhesives (UF) will ensure that no harmful gases are released to the user. The type of gas release can refer to the slide and it has been proven from the laboratory test results. ECONOMY EFFECT MATERIAL The material is cheaper because it is wasted and easily available in Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Australia. The waste can become new income for the country and the rural population. RESIN The use of PU as the main resin will increase the value of Palm Oil Products. It will increase the country's income because Malaysia is the second largest producer of palm oil in the world.